schliessen

Filtern

 

Bibliotheken

Cover Image

Biogenesis pathways of RNA guides in archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity

CRISPR-Cas is an RNA-mediated adaptive immune system that defends bacteria and archaea against mobile genetic elements. Short mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are key elements in the interference step of the immune pathway. A CRISPR array composed of a series of repeats interspaced by spacer sequences ac... Full description

Journal Title: FEMS microbiology reviews 2015, Vol.39 (3), p.428-441
Main Author: Charpentier, Emmanuelle
Other Authors: Richter, Hagen , Oost, van der, John , White, Malcolm F
Format: Electronic Article Electronic Article
Language: English
Subjects:
Adaptive immunity
Adaptive systems
Archaea
Archaea - genetics
Bacteria - genetics
Basic Medicine
Biochemistry or Biopharmacy
biokemi eller biofarmaci
Biosynthesis
Cas5d
Cas6
Cas9
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats - genetics
Comparative analysis
CRISPR
crRNA biogenesis
Gene sequencing
Genomes
Immune system
Interspersed Repetitive Sequences - genetics
Medical and Health Sciences
Medical Biotechnology
Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology)
Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
Medical Genetics
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Medicinsk bioteknologi
Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi)
Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi), molekylärbiologi, mikrobiologi, biokemi eller biofarmaci)
Medicinsk genetik
Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper
Microbiology
mikrobiologi
Molecular Biology
molekylärbiologi
Pathways
Proteins
QR180 Immunology
Review
Review Article
Ribonuclease III
Ribonucleases - metabolism
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA - biosynthesis
RNA - genetics
RNase III
TracrRNA
Quelle: Alma/SFX Local Collection
Publisher: England: Oxford University Press
ID: ISSN: 0168-6445
Zum Text:
SendSend as email Add to Book BagAdd to Book Bag
Staff View
recordid: cdi_wageningen_narcis_oai_library_wur_nl_wurpubs_495874
title: Biogenesis pathways of RNA guides in archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity
format: Article
creator:
  • Charpentier, Emmanuelle
  • Richter, Hagen
  • Oost, van der, John
  • White, Malcolm F
subjects:
  • Adaptive immunity
  • Adaptive systems
  • Archaea
  • Archaea - genetics
  • Bacteria - genetics
  • Basic Medicine
  • Biochemistry or Biopharmacy
  • biokemi eller biofarmaci
  • Biosynthesis
  • Cas5d
  • Cas6
  • Cas9
  • Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats - genetics
  • Comparative analysis
  • CRISPR
  • crRNA biogenesis
  • Gene sequencing
  • Genomes
  • Immune system
  • Interspersed Repetitive Sequences - genetics
  • Medical and Health Sciences
  • Medical Biotechnology
  • Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology)
  • Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
  • Medical Genetics
  • Medicin och hälsovetenskap
  • Medicinsk bioteknologi
  • Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi)
  • Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi), molekylärbiologi, mikrobiologi, biokemi eller biofarmaci)
  • Medicinsk genetik
  • Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper
  • Microbiology
  • mikrobiologi
  • Molecular Biology
  • molekylärbiologi
  • Pathways
  • Proteins
  • QR180 Immunology
  • Review
  • Review Article
  • Ribonuclease III
  • Ribonucleases - metabolism
  • Ribonucleic acid
  • RNA
  • RNA - biosynthesis
  • RNA - genetics
  • RNase III
  • TracrRNA
ispartof: FEMS microbiology reviews, 2015, Vol.39 (3), p.428-441
description: CRISPR-Cas is an RNA-mediated adaptive immune system that defends bacteria and archaea against mobile genetic elements. Short mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are key elements in the interference step of the immune pathway. A CRISPR array composed of a series of repeats interspaced by spacer sequences acquired from invading mobile genomes is transcribed as a precursor crRNA (pre-crRNA) molecule. This pre-crRNA undergoes one or two maturation steps to generate the mature crRNAs that guide CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein(s) to cognate invading genomes for their destruction. Different types of CRISPR-Cas systems have evolved distinct crRNA biogenesis pathways that implicate highly sophisticated processing mechanisms. In Types I and III CRISPR-Cas systems, a specific endoribonuclease of the Cas6 family, either standalone or in a complex with other Cas proteins, cleaves the pre-crRNA within the repeat regions. In Type II systems, the trans-acting small RNA (tracrRNA) base pairs with each repeat of the pre-crRNA to form a dual-RNA that is cleaved by the housekeeping RNase III in the presence of the protein Cas9. In this review, we present a detailed comparative analysis of pre-crRNA recognition and cleavage mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of guide crRNAs in the three CRISPR-Cas types.
language: eng
source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
identifier: ISSN: 0168-6445
fulltext: fulltext
issn:
  • 0168-6445
  • 1574-6976
  • 1574-6976
url: Link


@attributes
NO1
SEARCH_ENGINEprimo_central_multiple_fe
SEARCH_ENGINE_TYPEPrimo Central Search Engine
RANK2.7320316
LOCALfalse
PrimoNMBib
record
control
sourceidproquest_wagen
recordidTN_cdi_wageningen_narcis_oai_library_wur_nl_wurpubs_495874
sourceformatXML
sourcesystemPC
oup_id10.1093/femsre/fuv023
sourcerecordid1698964726
originalsourceidFETCH-LOGICAL-1824t-5d56b0a032c4b378e1abee749a5c3571a850cc2868fa8801c62b0fa1d56a5dc3
addsrcrecordideNqNk91r1TAYxosobk4vvZWCN97UJWnzpTCYx48NxpQ5xLvwJnl7ltHTHpt2h_33pvRsbAOZNw1tf8_D-_Eky15T8p4SXe7XuIo97tfjFWHlk2yXclkVQkvxNNslVKhCVBXfyV7EeEkI4Zrz59kO41pXgtLd7Pen0C2xxRhivobhYgPXMe_q_Oz0MF-OwWPMQ5tD7y4Aocmh9bkFN2Af0tvi7Pjnj7NiATEHD-shXGEeVquxDcP1y-xZDU3EV9tzLzv_-uV8cVScfP92vDg8Kahi1VBwz4UlQErmKltKhRQsoqw0cFdySUFx4hxTQtWgFKFOMEtqoEkG3LtyL_sw224gtRHa9DBtKjdE00EwTbA99NdmM_ambaZjPdpoKs2VrJK4mMVxg-m7WfdhNdGT8nP4dWi6fmnG1WgoEZyoxB_MfIJX6B22Qw_NPdn9P224MMvuynAteKloMjiaDbo1thB6vKf1LQ6m80YTarRH4GBBKAmMpPYleg7otfXSVp4kq-P_sKK0EkY6qnxtGQUJCplWmpQErXC6qp0Hm7xOH_Py6Me12dSGpOKQUUcF1kxZjtpp59EydELWEojy06DebQfVd39GjINZheiwaaDFboyGilSEqCQTCX37AL3sxr5NkTGsLBmRkvA7m3J9F1Pe69sKKTHTPTDzPTDzPUj8m7ubuqVvgp-A8oGhCwMMoZsWF5p_2m776tIwHqvg44xu03hDT0l8PJl_AXq_PbE
sourcetypeOpen Access Repository
isCDItrue
recordtypearticle
pqid2332077054
display
typearticle
titleBiogenesis pathways of RNA guides in archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity
sourceAlma/SFX Local Collection
creatorCharpentier, Emmanuelle ; Richter, Hagen ; Oost, van der, John ; White, Malcolm F
creatorcontribCharpentier, Emmanuelle ; Richter, Hagen ; Oost, van der, John ; White, Malcolm F
descriptionCRISPR-Cas is an RNA-mediated adaptive immune system that defends bacteria and archaea against mobile genetic elements. Short mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are key elements in the interference step of the immune pathway. A CRISPR array composed of a series of repeats interspaced by spacer sequences acquired from invading mobile genomes is transcribed as a precursor crRNA (pre-crRNA) molecule. This pre-crRNA undergoes one or two maturation steps to generate the mature crRNAs that guide CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein(s) to cognate invading genomes for their destruction. Different types of CRISPR-Cas systems have evolved distinct crRNA biogenesis pathways that implicate highly sophisticated processing mechanisms. In Types I and III CRISPR-Cas systems, a specific endoribonuclease of the Cas6 family, either standalone or in a complex with other Cas proteins, cleaves the pre-crRNA within the repeat regions. In Type II systems, the trans-acting small RNA (tracrRNA) base pairs with each repeat of the pre-crRNA to form a dual-RNA that is cleaved by the housekeeping RNase III in the presence of the protein Cas9. In this review, we present a detailed comparative analysis of pre-crRNA recognition and cleavage mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of guide crRNAs in the three CRISPR-Cas types.
identifier
0ISSN: 0168-6445
1ISSN: 1574-6976
2EISSN: 1574-6976
3DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuv023
4PMID: 25994611
languageeng
publisherEngland: Oxford University Press
subjectAdaptive immunity ; Adaptive systems ; Archaea ; Archaea - genetics ; Bacteria - genetics ; Basic Medicine ; Biochemistry or Biopharmacy ; biokemi eller biofarmaci ; Biosynthesis ; Cas5d ; Cas6 ; Cas9 ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats - genetics ; Comparative analysis ; CRISPR ; crRNA biogenesis ; Gene sequencing ; Genomes ; Immune system ; Interspersed Repetitive Sequences - genetics ; Medical and Health Sciences ; Medical Biotechnology ; Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology) ; Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy) ; Medical Genetics ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Medicinsk bioteknologi ; Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi) ; Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi), molekylärbiologi, mikrobiologi, biokemi eller biofarmaci) ; Medicinsk genetik ; Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper ; Microbiology ; mikrobiologi ; Molecular Biology ; molekylärbiologi ; Pathways ; Proteins ; QR180 Immunology ; Review ; Review Article ; Ribonuclease III ; Ribonucleases - metabolism ; Ribonucleic acid ; RNA ; RNA - biosynthesis ; RNA - genetics ; RNase III ; TracrRNA
ispartofFEMS microbiology reviews, 2015, Vol.39 (3), p.428-441
rights
0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
1FEMS 2015. 2015
2FEMS 2015.
3Wageningen University & Research
lds50peer_reviewed
oafree_for_read
citedbyFETCH-LOGICAL-1824t-5d56b0a032c4b378e1abee749a5c3571a850cc2868fa8801c62b0fa1d56a5dc3
citesFETCH-LOGICAL-1824t-5d56b0a032c4b378e1abee749a5c3571a850cc2868fa8801c62b0fa1d56a5dc3
links
openurl$$Topenurl_article
openurlfulltext$$Topenurlfull_article
thumbnail$$Usyndetics_thumb_exl
backlink
0$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25994611$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
1$$Uhttp://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-106508$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index
search
creatorcontrib
0Charpentier, Emmanuelle
1Richter, Hagen
2Oost, van der, John
3White, Malcolm F
title
0Biogenesis pathways of RNA guides in archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity
1FEMS microbiology reviews
addtitleFEMS Microbiol Rev
descriptionCRISPR-Cas is an RNA-mediated adaptive immune system that defends bacteria and archaea against mobile genetic elements. Short mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are key elements in the interference step of the immune pathway. A CRISPR array composed of a series of repeats interspaced by spacer sequences acquired from invading mobile genomes is transcribed as a precursor crRNA (pre-crRNA) molecule. This pre-crRNA undergoes one or two maturation steps to generate the mature crRNAs that guide CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein(s) to cognate invading genomes for their destruction. Different types of CRISPR-Cas systems have evolved distinct crRNA biogenesis pathways that implicate highly sophisticated processing mechanisms. In Types I and III CRISPR-Cas systems, a specific endoribonuclease of the Cas6 family, either standalone or in a complex with other Cas proteins, cleaves the pre-crRNA within the repeat regions. In Type II systems, the trans-acting small RNA (tracrRNA) base pairs with each repeat of the pre-crRNA to form a dual-RNA that is cleaved by the housekeeping RNase III in the presence of the protein Cas9. In this review, we present a detailed comparative analysis of pre-crRNA recognition and cleavage mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of guide crRNAs in the three CRISPR-Cas types.
subject
0Adaptive immunity
1Adaptive systems
2Archaea
3Archaea - genetics
4Bacteria - genetics
5Basic Medicine
6Biochemistry or Biopharmacy
7biokemi eller biofarmaci
8Biosynthesis
9Cas5d
10Cas6
11Cas9
12Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats - genetics
13Comparative analysis
14CRISPR
15crRNA biogenesis
16Gene sequencing
17Genomes
18Immune system
19Interspersed Repetitive Sequences - genetics
20Medical and Health Sciences
21Medical Biotechnology
22Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology)
23Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
24Medical Genetics
25Medicin och hälsovetenskap
26Medicinsk bioteknologi
27Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi)
28Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi), molekylärbiologi, mikrobiologi, biokemi eller biofarmaci)
29Medicinsk genetik
30Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper
31Microbiology
32mikrobiologi
33Molecular Biology
34molekylärbiologi
35Pathways
36Proteins
37QR180 Immunology
38Review
39Review Article
40Ribonuclease III
41Ribonucleases - metabolism
42Ribonucleic acid
43RNA
44RNA - biosynthesis
45RNA - genetics
46RNase III
47TracrRNA
issn
00168-6445
11574-6976
21574-6976
fulltexttrue
rsrctypearticle
creationdate2015
recordtypearticle
recordideNqNk91r1TAYxosobk4vvZWCN97UJWnzpTCYx48NxpQ5xLvwJnl7ltHTHpt2h_33pvRsbAOZNw1tf8_D-_Eky15T8p4SXe7XuIo97tfjFWHlk2yXclkVQkvxNNslVKhCVBXfyV7EeEkI4Zrz59kO41pXgtLd7Pen0C2xxRhivobhYgPXMe_q_Oz0MF-OwWPMQ5tD7y4Aocmh9bkFN2Af0tvi7Pjnj7NiATEHD-shXGEeVquxDcP1y-xZDU3EV9tzLzv_-uV8cVScfP92vDg8Kahi1VBwz4UlQErmKltKhRQsoqw0cFdySUFx4hxTQtWgFKFOMEtqoEkG3LtyL_sw224gtRHa9DBtKjdE00EwTbA99NdmM_ambaZjPdpoKs2VrJK4mMVxg-m7WfdhNdGT8nP4dWi6fmnG1WgoEZyoxB_MfIJX6B22Qw_NPdn9P224MMvuynAteKloMjiaDbo1thB6vKf1LQ6m80YTarRH4GBBKAmMpPYleg7otfXSVp4kq-P_sKK0EkY6qnxtGQUJCplWmpQErXC6qp0Hm7xOH_Py6Me12dSGpOKQUUcF1kxZjtpp59EydELWEojy06DebQfVd39GjINZheiwaaDFboyGilSEqCQTCX37AL3sxr5NkTGsLBmRkvA7m3J9F1Pe69sKKTHTPTDzPTDzPUj8m7ubuqVvgp-A8oGhCwMMoZsWF5p_2m776tIwHqvg44xu03hDT0l8PJl_AXq_PbE
startdate2015
enddate2015
creator
0Charpentier, Emmanuelle
1Richter, Hagen
2Oost, van der, John
3White, Malcolm F
general
0Oxford University Press
1Umeå universitet, Molekylär Infektionsmedicin, Sverige (MIMS)
scope
05DI
15DJ
2AGBBJ
3QVL
4TOX
5CGR
6CUY
7CVF
8ECM
9EIF
10NPM
11AAYXX
12CITATION
133V.
147QL
157T7
167U9
177X7
187XB
1988E
208FD
218FE
228FH
238FI
248FJ
258FK
26ABUWG
27AZQEC
28BBNVY
29BENPR
30BHPHI
31C1K
32DWQXO
33FR3
34FYUFA
35GHDGH
36GNUQQ
37H94
38HCIFZ
39K9.
40LK8
41M0S
42M1P
43M7N
44M7P
45P64
46PQEST
47PQQKQ
48PQUKI
49PRINS
50RC3
517X8
52BOBZL
53CLFQK
545PM
55ADTPV
56AOWAS
57D8T
sort
creationdate2015
titleBiogenesis pathways of RNA guides in archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity
authorCharpentier, Emmanuelle ; Richter, Hagen ; Oost, van der, John ; White, Malcolm F
facets
frbrtype5
frbrgroupidcdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-1824t-5d56b0a032c4b378e1abee749a5c3571a850cc2868fa8801c62b0fa1d56a5dc3
rsrctypearticles
prefilterarticles
languageeng
creationdate2015
topic
0Adaptive immunity
1Adaptive systems
2Archaea
3Archaea - genetics
4Bacteria - genetics
5Basic Medicine
6Biochemistry or Biopharmacy
7biokemi eller biofarmaci
8Biosynthesis
9Cas5d
10Cas6
11Cas9
12Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats - genetics
13Comparative analysis
14CRISPR
15crRNA biogenesis
16Gene sequencing
17Genomes
18Immune system
19Interspersed Repetitive Sequences - genetics
20Medical and Health Sciences
21Medical Biotechnology
22Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology)
23Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
24Medical Genetics
25Medicin och hälsovetenskap
26Medicinsk bioteknologi
27Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi)
28Medicinsk bioteknologi (med inriktning mot cellbiologi (inklusive stamcellsbiologi), molekylärbiologi, mikrobiologi, biokemi eller biofarmaci)
29Medicinsk genetik
30Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper
31Microbiology
32mikrobiologi
33Molecular Biology
34molekylärbiologi
35Pathways
36Proteins
37QR180 Immunology
38Review
39Review Article
40Ribonuclease III
41Ribonucleases - metabolism
42Ribonucleic acid
43RNA
44RNA - biosynthesis
45RNA - genetics
46RNase III
47TracrRNA
toplevel
0peer_reviewed
1online_resources
creatorcontrib
0Charpentier, Emmanuelle
1Richter, Hagen
2Oost, van der, John
3White, Malcolm F
collection
0NARCIS
1NARCIS: Datasets
2Narcis: Open Access
3NARCIS:Publications
4Oxford Journals Open Access Collection
5Medline
6MEDLINE
7MEDLINE (Ovid)
8MEDLINE
9MEDLINE
10PubMed
11CrossRef
12ProQuest Central (Corporate)
13Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)
14Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)
15Virology and AIDS Abstracts
16Health & Medical Collection
17ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
18Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
19Technology Research Database
20ProQuest SciTech Collection
21ProQuest Natural Science Collection
22Hospital Premium Collection
23Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
24ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
25ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
26ProQuest Central Essentials
27Biological Science Collection
28ProQuest Central
29Natural Science Collection
30Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management
31ProQuest Central Korea
32Engineering Research Database
33Health Research Premium Collection
34Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
35ProQuest Central Student
36AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts
37SciTech Premium Collection
38ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
39ProQuest Biological Science Collection
40Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
41Medical Database
42Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)
43Biological Science Database
44Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts
45ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
46ProQuest One Academic
47ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
48ProQuest Central China
49Genetics Abstracts
50MEDLINE - Academic
51OpenAIRE (Open Access)
52OpenAIRE
53PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
54SwePub
55SwePub Articles
56SWEPUB Freely available online
jtitleFEMS microbiology reviews
delivery
delcategoryRemote Search Resource
fulltextfulltext
addata
au
0Charpentier, Emmanuelle
1Richter, Hagen
2Oost, van der, John
3White, Malcolm F
formatjournal
genrearticle
ristypeJOUR
atitleBiogenesis pathways of RNA guides in archaeal and bacterial CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity
jtitleFEMS microbiology reviews
addtitleFEMS Microbiol Rev
date2015
risdate2015
volume39
issue3
spage428
epage441
pages428-441
issn
00168-6445
11574-6976
eissn1574-6976
abstractCRISPR-Cas is an RNA-mediated adaptive immune system that defends bacteria and archaea against mobile genetic elements. Short mature CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) are key elements in the interference step of the immune pathway. A CRISPR array composed of a series of repeats interspaced by spacer sequences acquired from invading mobile genomes is transcribed as a precursor crRNA (pre-crRNA) molecule. This pre-crRNA undergoes one or two maturation steps to generate the mature crRNAs that guide CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein(s) to cognate invading genomes for their destruction. Different types of CRISPR-Cas systems have evolved distinct crRNA biogenesis pathways that implicate highly sophisticated processing mechanisms. In Types I and III CRISPR-Cas systems, a specific endoribonuclease of the Cas6 family, either standalone or in a complex with other Cas proteins, cleaves the pre-crRNA within the repeat regions. In Type II systems, the trans-acting small RNA (tracrRNA) base pairs with each repeat of the pre-crRNA to form a dual-RNA that is cleaved by the housekeeping RNase III in the presence of the protein Cas9. In this review, we present a detailed comparative analysis of pre-crRNA recognition and cleavage mechanisms involved in the biogenesis of guide crRNAs in the three CRISPR-Cas types.
copEngland
pubOxford University Press
pmid25994611
doi10.1093/femsre/fuv023
oafree_for_read